provided code
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LabTS
437
src/threads/init.c
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437
src/threads/init.c
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#include "threads/init.h"
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#include <console.h>
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#include <debug.h>
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#include <inttypes.h>
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#include <limits.h>
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#include <random.h>
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#include <stddef.h>
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#include <stdio.h>
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#include <stdlib.h>
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#include <string.h>
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#include "devices/kbd.h"
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#include "devices/input.h"
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#include "devices/serial.h"
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#include "devices/shutdown.h"
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#include "devices/timer.h"
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#include "devices/vga.h"
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#include "devices/rtc.h"
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#include "threads/interrupt.h"
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#include "threads/io.h"
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#include "threads/loader.h"
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#include "threads/malloc.h"
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#include "threads/palloc.h"
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#include "threads/pte.h"
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#include "threads/thread.h"
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#ifdef USERPROG
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#include "userprog/process.h"
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#include "userprog/exception.h"
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#include "userprog/gdt.h"
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#include "userprog/syscall.h"
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#include "userprog/tss.h"
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#else
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#include "tests/threads/tests.h"
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#endif
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#ifdef VM
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#include "devices/swap.h"
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#endif
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#ifdef FILESYS
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#include "devices/block.h"
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#include "devices/ide.h"
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#include "filesys/filesys.h"
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#include "filesys/fsutil.h"
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#endif
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/* Page directory with kernel mappings only. */
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uint32_t *init_page_dir;
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#ifdef FILESYS
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/* -f: Format the file system? */
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static bool format_filesys;
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/* -filesys, -scratch, -swap: Names of block devices to use,
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overriding the defaults. */
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static const char *filesys_bdev_name;
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static const char *scratch_bdev_name;
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#ifdef VM
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static const char *swap_bdev_name;
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#endif
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#endif /* FILESYS */
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/* -ul: Maximum number of pages to put into palloc's user pool. */
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static size_t user_page_limit = SIZE_MAX;
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static void bss_init (void);
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static void paging_init (void);
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static char **read_command_line (void);
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static char **parse_options (char **argv);
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static void run_actions (char **argv);
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static void usage (void);
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#ifdef FILESYS
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static void locate_block_devices (void);
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static void locate_block_device (enum block_type, const char *name);
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#endif
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int main (void) NO_RETURN;
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/* PintOS main program. */
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int
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main (void)
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{
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char **argv;
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/* Clear BSS. */
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bss_init ();
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/* Break command line into arguments and parse options. */
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argv = read_command_line ();
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argv = parse_options (argv);
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/* Initialize ourselves as a thread so we can use locks,
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then enable console locking. */
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thread_init ();
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console_init ();
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/* Greet user. */
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printf ("PintOS booting with %'"PRIu32" kB RAM...\n",
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init_ram_pages * PGSIZE / 1024);
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/* Initialize memory system. */
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palloc_init (user_page_limit);
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malloc_init ();
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paging_init ();
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/* Segmentation. */
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#ifdef USERPROG
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tss_init ();
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gdt_init ();
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#endif
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/* Initialize interrupt handlers. */
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intr_init ();
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timer_init ();
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kbd_init ();
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input_init ();
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#ifdef USERPROG
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exception_init ();
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syscall_init ();
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#endif
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/* Start thread scheduler and enable interrupts. */
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thread_start ();
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serial_init_queue ();
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timer_calibrate ();
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#ifdef FILESYS
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/* Initialize file system. */
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ide_init ();
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locate_block_devices ();
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filesys_init (format_filesys);
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#endif
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#ifdef VM
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/* Initialise the swap disk */
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swap_init ();
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#endif
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printf ("Boot complete.\n");
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/* Run actions specified on kernel command line. */
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run_actions (argv);
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/* Finish up. */
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shutdown ();
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thread_exit ();
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}
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/* Clear the "BSS", a segment that should be initialized to
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zeros. It isn't actually stored on disk or zeroed by the
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kernel loader, so we have to zero it ourselves.
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The start and end of the BSS segment is recorded by the
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linker as _start_bss and _end_bss. See kernel.lds. */
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static void
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bss_init (void)
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{
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extern char _start_bss, _end_bss;
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memset (&_start_bss, 0, &_end_bss - &_start_bss);
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}
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/* Populates the base page directory and page table with the
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kernel virtual mapping, and then sets up the CPU to use the
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new page directory. Points init_page_dir to the page
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directory it creates. */
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static void
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paging_init (void)
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{
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uint32_t *pd, *pt;
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size_t page;
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extern char _start, _end_kernel_text;
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pd = init_page_dir = palloc_get_page (PAL_ASSERT | PAL_ZERO);
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pt = NULL;
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for (page = 0; page < init_ram_pages; page++)
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{
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uintptr_t paddr = page * PGSIZE;
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char *vaddr = ptov (paddr);
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size_t pde_idx = pd_no (vaddr);
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size_t pte_idx = pt_no (vaddr);
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bool in_kernel_text = &_start <= vaddr && vaddr < &_end_kernel_text;
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if (pd[pde_idx] == 0)
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{
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pt = palloc_get_page (PAL_ASSERT | PAL_ZERO);
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pd[pde_idx] = pde_create (pt);
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}
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pt[pte_idx] = pte_create_kernel (vaddr, !in_kernel_text);
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}
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/* Store the physical address of the page directory into CR3
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aka PDBR (page directory base register). This activates our
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new page tables immediately. See [IA32-v2a] "MOV--Move
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to/from Control Registers" and [IA32-v3a] 3.7.5 "Base Address
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of the Page Directory". */
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asm volatile ("movl %0, %%cr3" : : "r" (vtop (init_page_dir)));
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}
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/* Breaks the kernel command line into words and returns them as
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an argv-like array. */
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static char **
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read_command_line (void)
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{
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static char *argv[LOADER_ARGS_LEN / 2 + 1];
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char *p, *end;
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int argc;
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int i;
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argc = *(uint32_t *) ptov (LOADER_ARG_CNT);
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p = ptov (LOADER_ARGS);
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end = p + LOADER_ARGS_LEN;
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for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
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{
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if (p >= end)
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PANIC ("command line arguments overflow");
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argv[i] = p;
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p += strnlen (p, end - p) + 1;
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}
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argv[argc] = NULL;
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/* Print kernel command line. */
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printf ("Kernel command line:");
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for (i = 0; i < argc; i++)
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if (strchr (argv[i], ' ') == NULL)
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printf (" %s", argv[i]);
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else
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printf (" '%s'", argv[i]);
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printf ("\n");
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return argv;
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}
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/* Parses options in ARGV[]
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and returns the first non-option argument. */
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static char **
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parse_options (char **argv)
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{
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for (; *argv != NULL && **argv == '-'; argv++)
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{
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char *save_ptr;
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char *name = strtok_r (*argv, "=", &save_ptr);
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char *value = strtok_r (NULL, "", &save_ptr);
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if (!strcmp (name, "-h"))
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usage ();
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else if (!strcmp (name, "-q"))
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shutdown_configure (SHUTDOWN_POWER_OFF);
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else if (!strcmp (name, "-r"))
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shutdown_configure (SHUTDOWN_REBOOT);
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#ifdef FILESYS
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else if (!strcmp (name, "-f"))
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format_filesys = true;
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else if (!strcmp (name, "-filesys"))
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filesys_bdev_name = value;
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else if (!strcmp (name, "-scratch"))
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scratch_bdev_name = value;
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#ifdef VM
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else if (!strcmp (name, "-swap"))
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swap_bdev_name = value;
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#endif
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#endif
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else if (!strcmp (name, "-rs"))
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random_init (atoi (value));
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else if (!strcmp (name, "-mlfqs"))
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thread_mlfqs = true;
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#ifdef USERPROG
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else if (!strcmp (name, "-ul"))
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user_page_limit = atoi (value);
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#endif
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else
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PANIC ("unknown option `%s' (use -h for help)", name);
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}
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/* Initialize the random number generator based on the system
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time. This has no effect if an "-rs" option was specified.
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When running under Bochs, this is not enough by itself to
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get a good seed value, because the pintos script sets the
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initial time to a predictable value, not to the local time,
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for reproducibility. To fix this, give the "-r" option to
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the pintos script to request real-time execution. */
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random_init (rtc_get_time ());
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return argv;
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}
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/* Runs the task specified in ARGV[1]. */
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static void
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run_task (char **argv)
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{
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const char *task = argv[1];
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printf ("Executing '%s':\n", task);
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#ifdef USERPROG
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process_wait (process_execute (task));
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#else
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run_test (task);
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#endif
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printf ("Execution of '%s' complete.\n", task);
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}
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/* Executes all of the actions specified in ARGV[]
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up to the null pointer sentinel. */
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static void
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run_actions (char **argv)
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{
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/* An action. */
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struct action
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{
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char *name; /* Action name. */
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int argc; /* # of args, including action name. */
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void (*function) (char **argv); /* Function to execute action. */
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};
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/* Table of supported actions. */
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static const struct action actions[] =
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{
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{"run", 2, run_task},
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#ifdef FILESYS
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{"ls", 1, fsutil_ls},
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{"cat", 2, fsutil_cat},
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{"rm", 2, fsutil_rm},
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{"extract", 1, fsutil_extract},
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{"append", 2, fsutil_append},
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#endif
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{NULL, 0, NULL},
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};
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while (*argv != NULL)
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{
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const struct action *a;
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int i;
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/* Find action name. */
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for (a = actions; ; a++)
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if (a->name == NULL)
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PANIC ("unknown action `%s' (use -h for help)", *argv);
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else if (!strcmp (*argv, a->name))
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break;
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/* Check for required arguments. */
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for (i = 1; i < a->argc; i++)
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if (argv[i] == NULL)
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PANIC ("action `%s' requires %d argument(s)", *argv, a->argc - 1);
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/* Invoke action and advance. */
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a->function (argv);
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argv += a->argc;
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}
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}
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/* Prints a kernel command line help message and powers off the
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machine. */
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static void
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usage (void)
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{
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printf ("\nCommand line syntax: [OPTION...] [ACTION...]\n"
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"Options must precede actions.\n"
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"Actions are executed in the order specified.\n"
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"\nAvailable actions:\n"
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#ifdef USERPROG
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" run 'PROG [ARG...]' Run PROG and wait for it to complete.\n"
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#else
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" run TEST Run TEST.\n"
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#endif
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#ifdef FILESYS
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" ls List files in the root directory.\n"
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" cat FILE Print FILE to the console.\n"
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" rm FILE Delete FILE.\n"
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"Use these actions indirectly via `pintos' -g and -p options:\n"
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" extract Untar from scratch device into file system.\n"
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" append FILE Append FILE to tar file on scratch device.\n"
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#endif
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"\nOptions:\n"
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" -h Print this help message and power off.\n"
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" -q Power off VM after actions or on panic.\n"
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" -r Reboot after actions.\n"
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#ifdef FILESYS
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" -f Format file system device during startup.\n"
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" -filesys=BDEV Use BDEV for file system instead of default.\n"
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" -scratch=BDEV Use BDEV for scratch instead of default.\n"
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#ifdef VM
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" -swap=BDEV Use BDEV for swap instead of default.\n"
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#endif
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#endif
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" -rs=SEED Set random number seed to SEED.\n"
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" -mlfqs Use multi-level feedback queue scheduler.\n"
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#ifdef USERPROG
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" -ul=COUNT Limit user memory to COUNT pages.\n"
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#endif
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);
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shutdown_power_off ();
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}
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#ifdef FILESYS
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/* Figure out what block devices to cast in the various PintOS roles. */
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static void
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locate_block_devices (void)
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{
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locate_block_device (BLOCK_FILESYS, filesys_bdev_name);
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locate_block_device (BLOCK_SCRATCH, scratch_bdev_name);
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#ifdef VM
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locate_block_device (BLOCK_SWAP, swap_bdev_name);
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#endif
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}
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/* Figures out what block device to use for the given ROLE: the
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block device with the given NAME, if NAME is non-null,
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otherwise the first block device in probe order of type
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ROLE. */
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static void
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locate_block_device (enum block_type role, const char *name)
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{
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struct block *block = NULL;
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if (name != NULL)
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{
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block = block_get_by_name (name);
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if (block == NULL)
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PANIC ("No such block device \"%s\"", name);
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}
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else
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{
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for (block = block_first (); block != NULL; block = block_next (block))
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if (block_type (block) == role)
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break;
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}
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if (block != NULL)
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{
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printf ("%s: using %s\n", block_type_name (role), block_name (block));
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block_set_role (role, block);
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}
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}
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#endif
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Block a user